Adenoides (adenoid vegetations) - pathological growth (a hyperplasia, a hypertrophy) a pharyngeal (nasopharyngeal) tonsil. Can meet separately or in a combination to the enlarged palatine tonsils. The pharyngeal tonsil is well developed at children's age; approximately from 12 years it decreases, and at adults quite often completely will atrophy. Adenoides are more often observed at children of 3-10 years, but can be and in the first years of a life, and after the period of puberty. Development of adenoides is promoted by children's infectious diseases (the scarlatina, a diphtheria), often repeating virus and microbial inflammatory diseases of the top respiratory ways, immune scarce conditions, predilection to an allergy, is not excluded a role and the hereditary factor.

Signs, current. Disturbance of nasal respiration, plentiful allocation of the mucous secret which is filling nasal courses and flowing down in a nasopharynx, a chronic swelling and an inflammation of a mucosa of a nose. Because of the complicated nasal respiration children sleep with the open mouth, the dream often happens restless and is accompanied by loud snore; children rise flaccid, apathetic. At schoolboys progress because of weakening memory and attention often decreases. Adenoides, closing pharyngeal apertures of acoustical pipes and breaking normal ventilation of a middle ear, can cause dropping of hearing, sometimes appreciable. Speech is deformed, the voice loses sonority and accepts a nasal shade. Children of early age hardly seize speech. Complaints to a persistent headache as are frequent. Result of the complicated outflow of a blood and a lymph from a brain caused by developments of stagnation in a nasal cavity. Constants of allocation of a mucous secret from a nose cause a maceration and a swelling of a skin of a upper lip, and sometimes an eczema. The mouth is constantly opened, the mandible droops, cords of labiums and a nose smooth out, a look in late stages meaningless, the saliva follows from angles of a mouth, that gives to the face of the child the special expression which has received the name « the adenoid face » or « an external adenoidism ». Constant respiration through a mouth leads to deformation of a facial skull. At such children the malocclusion, a high, so-called Gothic palate can be observed. As a result of the long complicated nasal respiration the thorax is deformed, becoming flat and sunken. Ventilation of the lungs is broken, the oxygenation of a blood decreases, the quantity of erythrocytes and a haemoglobin content decreases. At adenoides activity of organs of a gastrointestinal tract is broken, develop an anemia, a night incontience wet, asthmatic attacks, fits of coughing. Mainly at children's age there can be independently or more often in a combination to an acute inflammation of palatine tonsils an acute adenoiditis (an angina of a pharyngeal tonsil) at which the body temperature can raise up to 39 degrees and above, there is a sensation of dryness, a burning sensation in a nasopharynx.