Anemias - decrease in a blood of total of a hemoglobin which, except for acute losses of blood, is characterized by depression of a level of a hemoglobin in unit of volume of a blood. In most cases at an anemia the level of erythrocytes in a blood falls also. However at iron deficiency conditions, the anemias bound to disturbance of synthesis of porphyrins, a thalassemia the maintenance of erythrocytes in a blood can remain normal (at a thalassemia quite often raised) at a low level of a hemoglobin. At acute hemorrhages (a massive bleeding or an acute hemolysis) at the first o'clock the level of a hemoglobin and erythrocytes in a blood remains normal though obvious attributes of an anemia - paleness of integuments, the conjunctivas are found out, slept veins, palpitation and a dyspnea at a small load, and in serious cases and falling of arterial pressure. Anemias are always secondary, that is are one of signs of any general disease. Alongside with often meeting and easily diagnosed forms of anemias there are also very rare anemic syndromes for which diagnostics use of complex methodical receptions is required.

Anemia posthemorrhagic acute - an anemia, owing to the acute hemorrhage coming during short term. The hemorrhage in volume more than 500 ml represents health hazard of the adult person. Massive it is considered to be a loss of blood in volume about 30 % from initial, occured for 12 hours and accompanied fall of peripheric veins (a sign of empty vessels), proof depression of the arterial pressure, the expressed paleness of conjunctivas at the person was practically healthy before this event.

Etiology. The reason of a hemorrhage can be traumas, a surgical intervention, a bleeding at a stomach ulcer or a duodenum, from the varicose-expanded veins of an esophagus, at disturbance of a hemostasis, an extrauterine pregnancy, diseases of lungs, etc.

Clinical picture. Vascular disturbances: palpitation, a dyspnea, falling of arterial and venous pressure, paleness of integuments and mucosas. The expression of these changes is not in precise communication only with a degree of a hemorrhage as quite often the collapse appears and in reply to a pain, the trauma which has caused a hemorrhage. An essential attribute of an internal bleeding - sudden dryness in a mouth. Gravity of a clinical picture is defined not only quantity of the lost blood, but also rate of a hemorrhage. The certain value has also a source of a hemorrhage: the bleeding in a gastric intestinal tract can be accompanied by a fervescence, a picture of an intoxication, rising of a level of urea in a blood (at a normal level of a creatinine); cavitary bleedings can even to cause signs of a prelum of organs at a small amount of the grown lazy blood.