Blepharoptosis.

Distinguish a ptosis congenital, got and sympathetic.

Etiology, pathogenesis. The congenital ptosis often happens hereditary and results from a underdevelopment or absence of the muscle lifting a upper eyelid, and also an aplasia of lateral kernels of a third cranial nerve. The reasons of the got ptosis - a trauma of the muscle lifting a upper eyelid, and also lesions of a third cranial nerve and its centers owing to a trauma, inflammatory processes and tumours. The sympathetic ptosis develops at patients with a paralysis or a paresis of a cervical sympathetic nerve of a various etiology. Signs: a blepharoptosis - from hardly appreciable before full closing a palpebral fissure. At the expressed ptosis of patients strain a frontal muscle and incline a head back that it is better to see. At covering by a century of a cornea the amblyopia can develop. At differential diagnostics consider, that the congenital ptosis is quite often combined with a paresis of the top direct muscle; The got ptosis usually is a part of the symptom-complex caused by corresponding general and local frustration; the sympathetic ptosis happens, as a rule, small, unilateral and is often accompanied by narrowing of a pupil, and sometimes and an enophthalmos.