Bronchial asthma at children - the disease, shown periodic-attacks the dyspneas, caused by disturbance of permeability of bronchuses owing to a spastic stricture, an edema of a mucosa and intensifying of secretion.

Two thirds of children are ill an asthma at early and preschool age. Boys mainly are ill. The case rate in various regions makes from 0,3 up to 1 % of the children's population.

Etiology, pathogenesis. The greater role in development of immunologic forms of disease is played with hereditary predisposition to allergic illnesses. Allergens can be foodstuff (especially at children of thoracal age), medicines, dust particles, pollen of plants, etc. Repeated contact to allergen the organism sensitizes and stimulates development of antibodies, first of all the reagents concerning class IgE. Allergic reactions of the immediate and slowed down type develop, biologically active substances which cause a bronchospasm, an edema of a mucosa of bronchuses, intensifying of secretion of slime are released. The certain role is played with disturbances of function of the central and vegetative nervous system, dysfunction of adrenals, an infection.