Bronchial asthma - the chronic inflammatory disease of the respiratory ways causing in predisposed faces transient bronchial obstruction.

Signs, current. Disease quite often begins the paroxysmal tussis, accompanied an expiratory dyspnea with an output of a small amount of a vitreous sputum. The developed picture of a bronchial asthma is characterized by occurrence of attacks of a dyspnea. Sometimes the attack is preceded with bad mood, delicacy, sensation of an itch in a nose or on a forward surface of a neck, dry tussis, the patient sneezes, plentiful allocation of a watery secret from a nose, feeling of an immovability of a thorax. However, as a rule, the dyspnea arises suddenly at any time, at often night or early in the morning: the patient wakes up with sensation of constraint in a breast and acute shortage of air. It not in a condition to push out air overflowing a thorax and to strengthen an exhalation, sits down in bed, resting arms in it or in knees of the lowered legs, or jumps up, ploughs up a window and costs, leaning about a table, a backrest of a chair, including thus in the certificate of respiration not only respiratory, but also an auxiliary musculation of a shoulder girdle and a breast. The face bluish, veins bulked up. Already on distance whistling rhonchuses on a background of the noisy complicated exhalation are audible. The thorax as though stiffens in position of the maximal inspiration, with the raised ribs, the enlarged forward and back diameter, the bulked up distances between ribs. At a percussion of lungs the bandbox sound is defined, their borders are dilated, auscultation taps sharp elongation of an exhalation and extremely plentiful various (whistling, rasping and musical) rhonchuses. Auscultation of heart is complicated owing to an emphysema of lungs and an abundance of rhonchuses. Pulse of usual frequency or is speeded up, full, usually not strained, rhythmical. Arterial pressure can be lowered and raised. The seeming augmentation of a liver taped sometimes at a palpation can speak (at absence of developments of stagnation) its pushing off downwards a distended right lung. Quite often sick are angry, morses feel fear, groan; at serious attacks the patient cannot say successively some words because of necessity to take breath. Short-term rise in temperature can be observed. If the attack is accompanied by tussis, the small amount of a viscous mucous vitreous sputum hardly departs.