Collapse - one of forms of the acute vascular failure, described sharp falling of a vascular tonus or fast decrease of mass of a circulating blood that leads to decrease of venous inflow to heart, falling of arterial and venous pressure, a hypoxia of a brain and oppression of vital signs of an organism. The reasons: acute infections (a typhoid, a meningocephalitis, a pneumonia, etc.), an acute hemorrhage, illnesses of endocrine and nervous system (a tumour, a myelosyringosis, etc.), exogenous intoxications (poisonings with oxide of Carboneum, phosphoric organic bonds, etc.), spinal and epidural anesthesia, orthostatic redistribution of a blood (an overdosage of some medical products - an insulin, hypotensive preparations, etc.), acute diseases of organs of an abdominal cavity (a peritonitis, etc.) . The collapse can be complication of acute disturbance of function of the myocardium united by concept « a syndrome of small intimate emission » which arises in the acute period of a myocardial infarction, at sharply expressed tachycardia, a deep bradycardia, etc. there Are differences between concepts "collapse" and "shock". A shock unlike a collapse name reaction of an organism on superstrong, especially painful, a boring, accompanied more serious frustration of the vital functions of nervous and endocrine systems, circulations, respirations, metabolic processes and often secretory function of kidneys.

Signs. Mostly sensations of the general delicacy suddenly develop, the giddiness, the patient complains of a cold fit, thirst; the body temperature is lowered. Features are pointed, extremities cold, integuments and mucosas are acyanotic with a cyanochroic shade, a forehead, temples, sometimes all body is covered cold then, the small and weak pulse which has been usually speeded up, veins slept, arterial pressure is lowered. Heart is not dilated, tones its deaf persons, sometimes arrhythmic, respiration superficial, speeded up, but, despite of a dyspnea, the patient does not test a dyspnea, lays with low located head. The diuresis is lowered. The consciousness is kept or blacked out, to surrounding the patient is indifferent, reaction of pupils to light flaccid, cramps are observed a tremor of fingers of arms, sometimes.