Coma - a unconsciousness caused by disturbance of function of a brainstem.

Etiology: the craniocerebral trauma, an insult, an infection, the epileptic status, tumours of a brain, exogenous intoxications, disturbances of a systemic metabolism (a diabetes mellitis, a hypoglycemia, a uremia, an eclampsia, a thyrotoxicosis), etc. the Main role in development of a coma plays a lesion of ascending activating systems of a cerebral trunk and an interstitial brain.

Signs, current. Depending on an expression of disturbance of vital signs to that section into some degrees. At an easy degree of a coma of patients react to painful stimulus; reflexes from a mucosa of a nose, corneal and pupillary are kept; reflexes of tendons are sometimes kept. The expressed degree of a coma: reaction only on intensive painful stimulus, the swallowing is broken, however at hit of nutrition in respiratory ways there is a reflex tussis. A deep coma: an areflexia, an atony, a mydriasis, rasping disturbances of respiration and a circulation. An other-wordly (terminal) coma: vital activity of the patient is kept only due to artificial ventilation of the lungs and a cardiac activation.