Cystitis - an inflammation of a bladder. It is observed at any age, more often at women.

Etiology. The leading part belongs to an infection. More often the cystitis causes an intestinal rod, less often in a role of the originator the staphilococcus, etc. Penetration of pathogenic bacteria into a bladder at women act is caused as features of a structure of the genitourinary apparatus - a short and wide urethra, affinity to a vagina and a rectum. Occurrence of a cystitis is promoted disturbance of outflow of urine from a bladder, by a defloration, pregnancy, labors, an inflammation of genitals, cooling, a constipation, the use of the substances irritating a mucosa of a bladder, radial therapy of tumours of organs of a basin. Resistibility of an organism and a mucosa of a bladder is of great importance in the prevention of an inflammation. Local disturbances of a circulation, high activity of bacteria and duration of their stay in a bladder promote occurrence of a cystitis. In most cases the infection of urinary ways at women is bound to a sexual life (keeping of hygiene of a sexual life and a devastation of a bladder before and after the sexual certificate reduce an opportunity of entering of contagiums). Occurrence of a cystitis at men can be caused by a prostatitis, a stricture of a urethra, an adenoma, a stone or a cancer of a prostate and other diseases of genitals. The reason of a chronic cystitis both men, and at women can have stones, a tumour, a leukoplakia and a tuberculosis of a bladder, but such « the chronic cystitis » is secondary, in its basis other disease of a bladder lays. Primary chronic cystitises practically does not happen, under a mask of a chronic cystitis usually other urological disease disappears. In an etiology of a cystitis at children the important role is played with anomalies of development of the genitourinary channel, its narrowing, valves, etc. hematogenic penetration of contagiums into a bladder is possible also.

Signs, current. The inflammation of a bladder can suddenly develop, but more often the phenomena of a cystitis accrue gradually. It is shown by feeling of a dyscomfort, sensation of a burning sensation and an itch in the field of a urethra and a perineum during an emiction. The sensation of a dyscomfort and a pain above a pubis or in the field of a perineum can remain and after an emiction. Emictions become parts, morbid, quantity wet at each emiction decreases. In the extremity of the certificate of an emiction sometimes urine is painted by a blood. Desires on an emiction can be imperative, the incontience is sometimes observed wet. In most cases at an acute cystitis the body temperature normal, seldom happens subfebrile. Rise in temperature at a cystitis testifies that the infection has extended for limits of a bladder, more often on the top urinary ways. The palpation and a percussion in suprapubic area at a cystitis are sometimes accompanied by morbidity. The strain of muscles of a forward abdominal wall is observed mainly at children. Urine at an acute cystitis contains many leucocytes and erythrocytes that causes presence in it of small amounts of fiber. The bacteriuria is always taped at an infectious cystitis. As well as at other forms of an infection of urinary ways, at a cystitis it is important to define a degree of a bacteriuria. At a cystitis in a blood are defined only moderate leukocytosis. The important methods of research are crop wet also research of flora on sensitivity to antibiotics and chemotherapeutic preparations. This research allows to lead rational antibacterial therapy of a cystitis, but borrows about 4-8 hours. Presence of a cystitis at sterile urine - the basis for diagnostics of a tuberculosis of urinary system.