Glaucoma - chronic disease of eyes with constant or periodic rising an ophthalmotonus, an atrophy of an optic nerve and changes of a field of vision. Distinguish a glaucoma primary, secondary and congenital.

Etiology, pathogenesis. Development of a primary glaucoma is preceded with trophic frustration in tissues of a forward department of an eye, especially in its drainage system, caused by changes of vascular system and a hemodynamic of an eye, and also the general pathological shifts. It causes disturbance of circulation of a watery moisture and conducts to rising an intraocular tension. Its high level serves as the reason of secondary trophic changes in tissues of an eye. Depression of vision is bound to destruction of functional elements of a retina and an optic nerve. Disease usually develops at faces 40 years are more senior. At a secondary glaucoma of change in outflow tracts of the intraocular liquid, leading to rising an intraocular tension, are caused by various diseases of an eye (inflammatory and degenerate diseases of environments of an eye, a pathology of a lens, a consequence of traumas of an eye, etc.) . At a congenital glaucoma rising of an ophthalmotonus arises mainly because of disturbance of outflow of an intraocular liquid owing to closing an angle of the forward chamber by a tissue.

Signs, current. Two basic forms of a primary glaucoma - an open angle glaucoma and an angle-closure glaucoma distinguish.

The open angle glaucoma is bound to progressing degenerate changes in drainage system of an eye. Disease usually develops imperceptibly for the patient. Subjective sensations at the majority of patients are absent. Sometimes there are complaints to feeling of completeness in opinion of, a headache, misting of vision, occurrence of iridescent circles at a view on light.

The angle-closure glaucoma is caused by blockade of an angle of the forward chamber by a root of an iris of the eye. For it complaints of the patient to a pain in an eye and a headache, misting of vision, occurrence of iridescent circles around of a light source and developments of stagnation in a forward piece of an eye are characteristic.