Infarct of a lung - the disease caused by an embolism or a clottage of branches of a pulmonary artery (mainly share and fineer arteries). Consider, that the infarct of a lung develops in 10-25 % of cases of a thromboembolism of pulmonary arteries.

Etiology, pathogenesis. In a basis of disease the clottage of veins of the big circle of a circulation (the bottom extremities, a small basin, ileal, the bottom vena cava, etc.) lays more often, Much less often - a clottage of the right cavities of heart. Surgical interventions, the postnatal period, a chronic heart failure, fractures of long tubular bones, malignant tumours, a long immobilization contribute to development of peripheric phlebothromboses (in particular, a confinement to bed). To clottages of vessels of lungs conduct stagnation and retardation of a blood flow in lungs, a stable pulmonary hypertensia, a pulmonary vasculitis. A reflex spastic stricture in system of pulmonary arteries, and also a vasoconstriction owing to allocation from thrombocytes of biologically active substances (a serotonin, Histaminum) conduct to an acute pulmonary hypertensia and an overload of the right departments of heart. There is a disturbance of diffusion and an arterial anoxemia which is aggravated with shunting of a blood through arteriovenous anastomoses in lungs and intersystemic anastomoses. The infarct of a lung arises on a background of already available venous stagnation is more often and has usually hemorrhagic character due to outpouring from bronchial arteries in a pulmonary tissue of the blood flowing on intersystemic anastomoses, and also a return current of a blood from pulmonary veins. The infarct of a lung is formed in day after an obturation of a pulmonary vessel; its full development comes to an end by 7-th day. The becoming infected of an infarct of a lung conducts to development of perifocal pneumonias (bacteriemic, candidosis) is frequent with abscessing; at a subpleural locating of an infarct there is fibrinous or more often a hemorrhagic pleuritis. Signs, current are defined by calibre, localization and number of vessels, a condition of mechanisms, an initial pathology of lungs and hearts. The most frequent attributes: suddenly arisen dyspnea (or suddenly amplified); a stethalgia (acute, reminding a stenocardia during the moment of an embolism; amplifying at respiration and tussis at a pleuritis); Paleness with an ashy shade of a skin, less often a cyanosis; a tachycardia with frequency of intimate reductions more than 100 times a minute, sometimes - disturbances of an intimate rhythm (ciliary arrhythmia); an arterial hypotension down to a collapse; cerebral frustration (a syncope, cramps, a coma); a fervescence, tussis with a mucous or bloody sputum, a pneumorrhagia at formation of an infarct of a lung.