Myopia - a kind of an ametropia at which the parallel beams going from subjects located in the distance, are bridged ahead of a retina.

Etiology, pathogenesis. The myopia is is more often caused by elongation of a forward and back axis of an eye, less often - excessive refracting force of its optical mediums. To development of a myopia promote the intense visual work on close distance at the weakened accommodation and hereditary predisposition. At delicacy of a sclera there is a progressing stretching of an eyeglobe which conducts to changes in vascular and mesh environments. Weakening of accommodation and a stretching of a sclera can arise under influence of the general infections and intoxications, endocrine shifts and disturbances of a metabolism.

Signs, current. Dropping of visual acuity, especially afar. At work on close distance there can be a pain in opinion of, in the field of a forehead and temples. Usually the myopia starts to develop in initial classes of school. Its degree in the further is quite often gradually enlarged up to 20-years age. In some cases elongation of an eyeglobe can accept pathological character, causing a degeneration and repeated hemorrhages in the field of yellow maculae, breaks of a retina and its amotio, an opacity of the vitreous body. At was well-timed not corrected myopia owing to excessive work of internal direct muscles, an eye and absence of impulse to accommodation the solid vision can be upset and appear a missing strabismus.