Radial illness - the independent disease developing as a result of destruction of mainly sharing cells of an organism under influence short-term (about several day) influences on appreciable areas of a body of an ionizing radiation. The reason of a radial illness can be both failure, and a total irradiation of an organism with the medical purpose - at transplantation of an osteal brain, at treatment of plural tumours. In a pathogenesis of illness defining role is played with destruction of cells in the immediate centers of a lesion. Some essential primary changes in organs and the systems, not exposed to immediate radial influence, are not observed. Under influence of an ionizing radiation the sharing cells which are being a mitotic cycle perish first of all, perish and based cells, perish also lymphocytes. The lymphopenia is one of early and major attributes of an acute radiation injury. Fibroblasts of an organism appear steady against influence of radiation. After an irradiation they begin rapid growth, that in the centers of appreciable lesions promotes development of a serious sclerosis. Strict dependence of its displays on an absorbed dose of an ionizing radiation concerns to the major features of an acute radial illness.

The clinical picture a radial illness depends on an exposure dose and the terms which have been last after it. In the development illness passes some stages. At the first o'clock after an irradiation there is a primary reaction (a vomiting, a fever, a headache immediately after an irradiation). In some days (that earlier, than above the exposure dose) develops a devastation of an osteal brain, in bloods - an agranulocytosis, a thrombocytopenia. There are various infectious processes, a stomatitis, hemorrhages. Between primary reaction and height of illness at exposure doses less than 500-600 radian is marked the period of external well-being - the latent period. Division of an acute radial illness into the periods of primary reaction, latent, height and restoration inexact: cleanly external displays of illness do not define true position.