Rubella - the acute virus illness, described a fine spotty exanthema, a lymphadenopathy moderately expressed by a fever and a lesion of a fetus at pregnant women. A source of an infection is only the person. The virus of a rubella is allocated in an environment one week prior to occurrence of an eruption and within a week after a rash.

Etiology, pathogenesis. The originator is quickly inactivated in an environment. Infection occurs airborne by. The virus gets into an organism through mucosas of respiratory ways, in the further there comes a virusemia. The virus with a blood is carried on all organism, possesses dermatotropic properties, causes changes lymph nodes, possesses a tropism to an embryonal tissue, considerably breaks a fetation. Frequency of lesions of a fetus depends on durations of gestation: disease by a rubella on 34 week of pregnancy causes congenital developmental anomalies in 60 % of cases, on 9-12 week - in 15 % and on 13-16 - in 7 % of cases.

Signs, current. An incubation interval 11-24 days (more often 16-20 days). A typical early sign - a swelling of back cervical, occipital and other lymph nodes. Weakly expressed catarrh the top respiratory ways is on occassion marked. Simultaneously with small rise in temperature on a skin of all body there is an acyanotic red spotty exanthema which elements have no predilection to merge and disappear in 2-3 days, not leaving a pigmentation. The state of health of the patient, as a rule, is not broken almost. Quite often red infection proceeds is hidden. Complications at infection are very rare (arthritises, encephalitises). At fetal infection the embryos perishes or at it the chronic infection with a lesion of various organs and formation of fetal developmental anomalies (a nanocephalia, a hydrocephalus, deafness, a cataract, heart diseases, etc.) develops.