Stenosis of a larynx - appreciable decrease or full closing of its lumen. Distinguish acute and chronic stenoses of a larynx. Acute stenoses can suddenly arise, immediately or to develop gradually within several hours. Are observed at true and false croup, an acute ларинготрахеоброн-hit at children, an edema of a larynx, a phlegmonous laryngitis, an alien body, a trauma (mechanical, thermal, chemical). Chronic stenoses are characterized by slow development of narrowing of a lumen of a larynx and its stability. However during chronically proceeding narrowing a larynx under adverse conditions (the inflammation, a trauma, a hemorrhage, etc.) can quickly develop an acute stenosis of a larynx. Chronic stenoses arise because of cicatrical changes of a larynx after traumas, a scleroma, at a diphtheria, a lues, a tumour. Signs, current depend on a stage of a stenosis.

Stage I - indemnifications - is accompanied by abaissement of a pause between an inspiration and an exhalation, elongation of an inspiration, reflex decrease of number of respirations and a normal parity of number of respiratory movements and pulse. The voice becomes rhonchial (except for the stenoses caused by a paralysis of the bottom laryngeal nerves), on an inspiration there is a pressure murmur heard on appreciable distance.

Stage II - decompensations: all attributes of oxygen starvation distinctly act, the dyspnea amplifies, integuments and mucosas accept a cyanotic shade, at an inspiration sharp retraction of intercostal spaces, supraclavicular and subclavial fossas, a bulbar fossa is observed. The patient becomes restless, respiration becomes covered cold then: respiratory hum becomes frequent, amplifies.

The stage III - asphyxias (dyspnea) - is characterized by falling, intimate activity, respiration rare and superficial, paleness of integuments amplifies, patients become flaccid, indifferent to surrounding, pupils are dilated, there come proof respiratory standstill, a loss of consciousness, consensual allocation of a feces and urine. The size of a lumen of a voice cleft is most essential to an estimation of a degree of a stenosis. However at slow increase of a stenosis of the patient sometimes well copes with respiration at a narrow lumen of a larynx. At an establishment of the diagnosis it is necessary to exclude a stenosis of a trachea, frustration of respiration owing to illnesses of lungs and hearts.