Struma endemic - disease of inhabitants of the certain geographical districts with a failure of an iodine in an environment, described diffusive augmentation of a thyroid gland. An endemic struma - the most widespread, but not unique display of an iodic failure. Deficiency of an iodine during pregnancy raises risk of a misbirth, congenital anomalies, a cretinism; at children it is shown by an endemic struma, disturbance of mental and physical development, a hypothyrosis, at adults - diseases of a thyroid gland, a sleepiness, depression of mental and physical working capacity, sterility, an obesity, persistent constipations, disturbances of intimate activity, etc.

Etiology, pathogenesis. Play a role a disadvantage of an iodine of ground, water, foodstuff, the use of the products containing substances of thyreostatic action (some grades of cabbage, turnip, a swede, a turnip), lead to augmentation of a thyroid gland. The augmentation of the thyroid gland which has been not caused by the insufficient maintenance of an iodine in an environment, - an attribute of a sporadic struma.

Signs. Distinguish diffusive, nodal and the admixed forms of a struma. Function of a thyroid gland can be not broken , lowered or raised. Development of a hypothyrosis is the most typical. At the appreciable sizes of a struma there are signs of a prelum of organs of a neck, frustration of respiration, the phenomenon of a dysphagia, hoarseness of a voice.