Tuberculosis of organs of respiration - an infectious disease, described formation in the amazed tissues of the centers of a specific inflammation and the expressed general reaction of an organism. In many economically developed countries, in particular in Russia, have considerably decreased a case rate a tuberculosis and a mortality from it. These epidemiological shifts among children, teenagers and women, to a lesser degree - among men, especially advanced age are Most expressed. Nevertheless the tuberculosis remains the widespread disease.

Etiology. The originator - a micobacterium of a tuberculosis, mainly human, seldom bull and in unusual cases of the bird's type. The basic source of infection - sick people or pets, mainly cows. Catch usually aerogenic by at inhalation with air of allocated patients of the smallest droplets of a sputum in which micobacteria of a tuberculosis contain. Besides penetration into an organism of an infection is possible at the use of milk, meat, eggs from sick animals and birds. In these cases microbes are brought in lungs or from pharyngeal tonsils, or on lymphatic and vascular ways from an intestine. At the overwhelming majority for the first time ill in a sputum find out the micobacteria of a tuberculosis sensitive, and in 5-10 % - steady against various antituberculous preparations. In the latter case infection occurs from patients who are noneffectively treated by specific medicinal preparations and allocate steady strains of a micobacterium of a tuberculosis. At special research in a sputum and in organs of patients sometimes it is possible to find out Lформы micobacteria of the tuberculosis, differing rather small patogenicity, but capable under certain conditions to turn to the typical microbial form.